美国研究人员日前报告显示，对前列腺癌患者而言，日常坚持服用阿司匹林可降低其死亡率。
得克萨斯大学西南医学中心等机构的研究人员以近6000名接受手术或放疗的前列腺癌患者为对象进行了分析，其中约2200人日常服用阿司匹林、华法林或波立维等抗凝血药。他们发现，日常服用抗凝血药的前列腺癌患者群体10年里的死亡率为3%，而未服用群体的死亡率为8%，前者的癌症复发率和转移率也明显较低。上述的益处主要来自阿司匹林。相关的研究报告已发表在美国《临床肿瘤学杂志》上。
20世纪70年代，阿司匹林被发现有抗血小板聚集的作用，不少欧美国家的医生常建议中老年人每日服用一片阿司匹林，以预防心血管病。此前有研究表明，服用阿司匹林可降低患肠癌的风险。
Aspirin Use and the Risk of Prostate Cancer Mortality in Men Treated With Prostatectomy or Radiotherapy
Kevin S. Choe, Janet E. Cowan, June M. Chan, Peter R. Carroll, Anthony V. D'Amico and Stanley L. Liauw
Purpose Experimental evidence suggests that anticoagulants (ACs) may inhibit cancer growth and metastasis, but clinical data have been limited. We investigated whether use of ACs was associated with the risk of death from prostate cancer.
Patients and Methods This study comprised 5,955 men in the Cancer of the Prostate Strategic Urologic Research Endeavor database with localized adenocarcinoma of the prostate treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) or radiotherapy (RT). Of them, 2,175 (37%) were receiving ACs (warfarin, clopidogrel, enoxaparin, and/or aspirin). The risk of prostate cancer–specific mortality (PCSM) was compared between the AC and non-AC groups.
Results After a median follow-up of 70 months, risk of PCSM was significantly lower in the AC group compared with the non-AC group (3% v 8% at 10 years; P < .01). The risks of disease recurrence and bone metastasis were also significantly lower. In a subgroup analysis by clinical risk category, the reduction in PCSM was most prominent in patients with high-risk disease (4% v 19% at 10 years; P < .01). The benefit from AC was present across treatment modalities (RT or RP). Analysis by type of AC medication suggested that the PCSM reduction was primarily associated with aspirin. Multivariable analysis indicated that aspirin use was independently associated with a lower risk of PCSM (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.21 to 0.87; P = .02).
Conclusion AC therapy, particularly aspirin, was associated with a reduced risk of PCSM in men treated with RT or RP for prostate cancer. The association was most prominent in patients with high-risk disease.
